Linux.com: CLI Magic: Patching the Differences

“Working with free and open source software, one frequently
hears terms such as bugs, updates, and patches. When developers
come across shortcomings in their software, instead of repackaging
the software with the changes, they can provide a patchfile that
contains details of all required changes. Two important tools used
in the process are diff, which creates a patchfile, and patch,
which applies it. You can use both tools with text or HTML
files.

“As the name suggests, diff documents differences between two
files. diff compares files line by line…”

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