LinuxWorld: Lightweight Linux for High-Performance Computing

“Linux has long provided an outstanding operating system for a
wide range of users in a variety of settings. However,
high-performance computing users, who must run applications on
thousands of nodes, historically have faced challenges that Linux
could not effectively address.

“These issues arise for a number of reasons. In the first place,
installing a full, un-tuned copy of Linux–or of any full-scale
operating system–on each node of a large-scale HPC system
interferes with the efficient use of processor and communication
resources…”

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