Linux compressors comparison on CentOS 6.5 x86-64: lzo vs lz4 vs gzip vs bzip2 vs lzma

File compression is an old trick: one of the first (if not the first) program capable of compressing files was ???SQ???, in the early 1980s, but the first widespread, mass-know compressor probably was ZIP (released in 1989). In other word, compressing a file to save space is nothing new and, while current TB-sized, low costs disks provide plenty of space, sometime compression is desirable because it not only reduces the space needed to store data, but it can even increase I/O performance due to the lower amount of bits to be written or read to/from the storage subsystem. This is especially true when comparing the ever-increasing CPU speed to the more-or-less stagnant mechanical disk performance (SSDs are another matter, of course). So, for the general use case, lossless compressors are the way to go. But what compressor to use from the many available?